Basic Concepts of Particle Characterization
What is a particle?How can particles be distinguished by size?What is particle size distribution?How to describe the particle size distribution?What are the differences between different distribution types?What is equivalent spherical diameter?Why do we use equivalent spherical diameter?How to determine mean, median, and mode?What is D50?What are D[4,3] and D[3,2]?View all
Static and Dynamic Image Analysis
What is particle image analysis?Why is particle shape so important?What is static and dynamic image analysis?What are the advantages of static image analysis?What are the advantages of dynamic image analysis?What is image binarization?What is calibration coefficient?Why is sheath fluid applied in dynamic image analysis when using the wet method?How to calculate the projected area and the contour of a particle?What is panoramic mode?View all
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analysis
How are particles dispersed when using the wet method?How are particles dispersed when using the dry method?What is obscuration?What is the background signal?What are refractive index and absorption coefficient?What are the factors that affect background?What is the effect of refractive index on laser diffraction particle size analysis?What are the commonly used media and requirements?What are the requirements of the water used for laser diffraction particle size analysis?How to choose a proper obscuration range?View all
Powder Characterization Analysis
What are bulk and tapped densities and how to measure them?What are the compressibility and Hausner ratio?What are the angle of repose, the angle of fall, and the angle of difference?How to measure the angle of repose?What is flowability? What is powder characterization?What are true and skeletal densities of a powder and how to measure them?How to measure the angle of internal friction?What is angle of spatula?Which features of powder affect flowability?View all
Nanoparticle Size and Zeta Potential Analysis
What is dynamic light scattering (DLS)?What is DLS backscattering technique?What is zeta potential?What is electrophoretic light scattering(ELS)?What is static light scattering (SLS)?What is Brownian motion?What are Z-average and polydispersity index (PDI)?What is molecular weight and why is it so important?What is phase analysis light scattering (PALS)?What is dynamic light scattering (DLS)?View all
Optical Particle Counting Analysis
What are the advantages of the combination of light extinction and light scattering techniques?How to calculate the number of particles and measure the particle size with an optical particle counter?What is a flat top laser beam?Is laser beam shaping necessary for optical particle counting and sizing?What is the effect of the sample flow velocity on the measurement accuracy?What is an optical particle counter?What are the advantages of a flat top laser beam?What are the differences between light extinction and laser diffraction technique?In which field is the optical particle counter applied most?How to measure high-viscosity samples with an optical particle counter?View all
Stability Analysis
What is a dispersion?What are physical and chemical stability in a dispersion?What are the typical unstable phenomena?What is static multiple light scattering (SMLS)?What kinds of samples can be used for stability analysis?How to measure high-viscosity samples?What is instability index (IUS)?What is hydrodynamic analysis?How to calculate mean particle size with a stability analyzer?How does stability analysis complement zeta potential measurement and laser diffraction particle size analysis?